shmop_delete
On win xp 32bit php 5.2.6 recreation of shared memory block with the same id but bigger size fails.
<?php
$shm_key = 0xff3;
$shm_id = shmop_open($shm_key, "c", 0666, 128);
shmop_delete($shm_id);
shmop_close($shm_id);
$shm_id = shmop_open($shm_key, "c", 0666, 32);
shmop_delete($shm_id);
shmop_close($shm_id);
$shm_id = shmop_open($shm_key, "c", 0666, 1024); // on win32 fails there
shmop_delete($shm_id);
shmop_close($shm_id);
?>
shmop_open
(PHP 4 >= 4.0.4, PHP 5)
shmop_open — Crée ou ouvre un bloc de mémoire partagée
Description
int shmop_open
( int $key
, string $flags
, int $mode
, int $size
)
shmop_open() peut créer ou ouvrir un bloc de mémoire partagée.
Liste de paramètres
- key
-
Identifiant système pour le bloc de mémoire partagé. Ce paramètre peut être passé comme un décimal ou un hexadécimal.
- flags
-
Vous pouvez utiliser :
- "a" pour accès (utilise SHM_RDONLY pour shmat) utilisez cette option pour ouvrir un bloc déjà existant en lecture seule.
- "c" pour création (utilise IPC_CREATE) utilisez cette option pour créer un nouveau bloc, ou, si un segment avec le même identifiant existe, essayer d'y accéder en lecture et écriture.
- "w" pour accès en lecture et écriture. Utilisez cette option lorsque vous devez accéder en lecture et écriture à un segment de mémoire partagée. C'est le cas le plus courant.
- "n" crée un nouveau segment de mémoire partagée (utilise IPC_CREATE|IPC_EXCL). Utilisez cette option lorsque vous voulez créer un nouveau segment de mémoire partagée sauf s'il en existe déjà un corrompu avec la même option. Ceci est très pratique pour des raisons de sécurité, pour éviter des trous de sécurité qui exploiteraient la course aux ressources.
- mode
-
Les permissions que vous donnez à ce bloc. Ce sont les mêmes que pour les fichiers. Ces permissions doivent être passées sous forme d'octal (i.e. 0644).
- size
-
La taille du bloc mémoire partagé que vous voulez créer, en octets
Note:
Note : Les troisième et quatrième paramètres doivent être passés à 0 si vous voulez ouvrir un bloc de mémoire partagée déjà existant.
Valeurs de retour
En cas de succès shmop_open() retourne un identifiant que vous pouvez utiliser pour accéder à la mémoire que vous venez de créer. FALSE sera retourné si une erreur survient.
Exemples
Exemple #1 Créer un nouveau bloc de mémoire partagée Shmop
<?php
$shm_key = ftok(__FILE__, 't');
$shm_id = shmop_open($shm_key, "c", 0644, 100);
?>
Cet exemple ouvre un nouveau bloc de mémoire partagée, dont l'identifiant est retourné par ftok().
Voir aussi
- shmop_close() - Ferme un bloc de mémoire partagée
- shmop_delete() - Détruit un bloc de mémoire partagée
add a note
User Contributed Notes
shmop_open
a
25-Feb-2011 05:31
DinosauRUS
29-Aug-2008 05:24
If you faced with any problem you're going to solve with shared memmory, but your server doesn't support it, you can use files instead. I've wrote simple wrapper for this and its suites for me. Hope it will be usefull for you too.
<?php
define(kSHARED_FOLDER, "shared/");
define(kSHARED_MAX_ATTEMPS, 10);
define(kSESSION_SHARED, "shared_");
class Shared {
var $id = 0;
var $filename = '';
var $filepointer;
var $data = array();
var $date = 0;
function Shared($id) {
$this->id = $id;
$this->filename = kSHARED_FOLDER.$this->id;
if(empty($this->filename))
{
print "no filename";
return false;
}
$this->date = $_SESSION[kSESSION_SHARED.$id];
}
function clear() {
if ($this->id == null)
{
return false;
}
$counter = 0;
ignore_user_abort(true);
if(($this->filepointer = @fopen($this->filename, "w")) == false) {
ignore_user_abort(false);
return false;
}
while(true) {
if ($counter >= kSHARED_MAX_ATTEMPS) {
fclose($this->filepointer);
ignore_user_abort(false);
return false;
}
if(flock($this->filepointer, LOCK_EX) == false) {
$counter++;
usleep(rand(1, 25000));
}
else
break;
}
if(flock($this->filepointer, LOCK_UN) == false) {
ignore_user_abort(false);
return false;
}
unset($this->data);
$this->data = array();
fclose($this->filepointer);
$this->date = $_SESSION[kSESSION_SHARED.$id] = filemtime($this->filename);
ignore_user_abort(false);
return true;
}
function setObjectForKey($value, $key) {
if ($this->id == null)
return false;
$counter = 0;
ignore_user_abort(true);
if(($this->filepointer = @fopen($this->filename, "a+")) == false) {
ignore_user_abort(false);
print "can not open file<br>";
return false;
}
while(true) {
if ($counter >= kSHARED_MAX_ATTEMPS) {
fclose($this->filepointer);
print("1 aborted...");
ignore_user_abort(false);
return false;
}
$block;
if(flock($this->filepointer, LOCK_EX, $block) == false) {
$counter++;
print("1 waiting...");
usleep(rand(1, 25000));
}
else
break;
}
$data = file_get_contents($this->filename);
$array = array();
if (!empty($data))
$array = unserialize($data);
$array[$key] = $value;
$data = serialize($array);
ftruncate($this->filepointer, 0);
fseek($this->filepointer, 0, SEEK_SET);
fwrite($this->filepointer, $data);
$this->data = $array;
if(flock($this->filepointer, LOCK_UN) == false) {
ignore_user_abort(false);
return false;
}
fclose($this->filepointer);
$this->date = $_SESSION[kSESSION_SHARED.$id] = filemtime($this->filename);
ignore_user_abort(false);
return true;
}
function getObjectForKey($key) {
if ($this->id == null)
return null;
$counter = 0;
ignore_user_abort(true);
if(($this->filepointer = @fopen($this->filename, "a+")) == false) {
ignore_user_abort(false);
print("can not open<br>");
return null;
}
if ($this->date == filemtime($this->filename)) {
fclose($this->filepointer);
return $this->data[$key];
}
while(true) {
if ($counter >= kSHARED_MAX_ATTEMPS) {
fclose($this->filepointer);
ignore_user_abort(false);
print("2 aborted<br>");
return null;
}
if(flock($this->filepointer, LOCK_SH ) == false) {
$counter++;
print("2 waiting...<br>");
usleep(rand(1, 25000));
}
else
break;
}
fseek($this->filepointer, 0);
$data = file_get_contents($this->filename);
$array = array();
if (!empty($data))
$array = unserialize($data);
$data = $array[$key];
$this->data = $array;
if(flock($this->filepointer, LOCK_UN) == false) {
ignore_user_abort(false);
return $data;
}
fclose($this->filepointer);
$this->date = $_SESSION[kSESSION_SHARED.$id] = filemtime($this->filename);
ignore_user_abort(false);
return $data;
}
}
?>
erelsgl at gmail dot com
27-Nov-2007 04:04
=== Checking if a shared memory exists ===
The solution provided by Mitchell_Shnier at ieee dot orgZ doesn't work on my computer - I get a warning "Invalid flag ac".
In order to check if a shared-memory exists, you just have to open it with the "a" or "w" flag, while hiding the warnings using the "@" operator:
<?php
@$shid = shmop_open($systemId, "a", 0666, 0);
if (!empty($shid)) {
... shared memory exists
} else {
... shared memory doesnt exist
}
?>
Craig Manley
05-Jan-2005 06:19
To: macmaster at pobox dot com:
To clear up some new confusion: you said the shm key is 8 bytes long. As far as I know it's 4 bytes (32bits).
Check out the output of ipcs on Linux below to see what I mean.
------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
0x6e6a694d 65538 mijnbel 644 65536 0
0x326e794d 98307 mijnbel 644 65536 0
0x62417347 131076 smsklap 644 65536 0
me at here dot com
07-Dec-2004 06:04
Just an alternative idea if 'shared memory' is what you need for your websites, you can use tmpfs (on Linux):
Get root to do this:
mkdir /home/myname/tmpfs
chown myname:mygroup /home/myname/tmpfs
..and this in a script executed at boot time:
mount -t tmpfs /mnt/tmpfs /home/myuser/tmpfs
Now you can use regular file functions (including locking) to access shared memory between all your processes.
More info: http://docsun.cites.uiuc.edu/sun_docs/C/
...and this because the note editor doesn't accept long lines...
solaris_9/SUNWaadm/SYSADV1/p150.html
daniele_dll at yahoo dot it
01-Feb-2004 02:28
There is a little ftok function. This function isn't included into php for windows so i've grabbed it directly from linux glibc 2.3.2 source code. I hope that this can be useful.
There is the code:
<?php
function ftok($pathname, $proj_id) {
$st = @stat($pathname);
if (!$st) {
return -1;
}
$key = sprintf("%u", (($st['ino'] & 0xffff) | (($st['dev'] & 0xff) << 16) | (($proj_id & 0xff) << 24)));
return $key;
}
echo ftok($_SERVER["SCRIPT_FILENAME"], 250);
?>
sorry for my english :)
Chris Petersen
28-Aug-2003 01:18
Be warned that if you try to shmop_open with a key set to zero, shmop_open will seemingly work, and you can write to it, but you will not be able to read from it or delete it. If you're not careful, you can continue doing this - creating more and more shared memory blocks at "zero" until eventually you WILL start getting errors saying that php can't access or create the shared memory block, and you will have to restart your machine to free up all of those "zero" blocks.
Mitchell_Shnier at ieee dot orgZ
07-Nov-2001 06:51
To check whether a particular shared memory segment is already created, you need to concatenate the "a" and "c" flags. For example (where $SystemKey is the Unix key used by the other process(es) with which you want to share this memory segment)...<BR>
$shm_id = shmop_open($SystemKey, "ac", 0, 0);
if ($shm_id) {
#it is already created
} else {
#you need to create it with shmop_open using "c" only
}<BR>
Using only "a" does not work (just as using only IPC_EXCL in the Unix shmget() call is meaningless). Also, use the ipcs shell command to see your shared memory segments.
macmaster at pobox dot com
30-Mar-2001 02:15
the key is a LONG variable type, meaning that the key can only be eight (8) bytes long, which can be too short if you're using any form of automagic key generation (like a parsed filename)