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preg_replace> <preg_quote
[edit] Last updated: Fri, 25 May 2012

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preg_replace_callback

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.5, PHP 5)

preg_replace_callback正規表現検索を行い、コールバック関数を使用して置換を行う

説明

mixed preg_replace_callback ( mixed $pattern , callable $callback , mixed $subject [, int $limit = -1 [, int &$count ]] )

この関数の動作は、ほぼ preg_replace() と同じですが、 replacement の代わりに callback を指定するところが異なります。

パラメータ

pattern

検索するパターン。 文字列あるいは文字列の配列のいずれかとなります。

callback

このコールバック関数は、検索対象文字列でマッチした要素の配列が指定されて コールされます。このコールバック関数は、置換後の文字列を返す必要があります。

preg_replace_callback() 用の callback 関数が、 ひとつの場所だけで必要となることがあります。 そんな場合は、 無名関数機能 (PHP 5.3.0 以降) あるいは create_function() を使って宣言した無名関数を preg_replace_callback() のコール時に使用します。 このようにすることにより、コールに関するすべての情報を 1 ヶ所に集め、 他の場所で使用されないコールバック関数名で関数の名前空間を 汚染しないようにすることができます。

例1 preg_replace_callback()create_function()

<?php
/* Unix 方式のコマンドラインフィルタです。
 * 段落の冒頭の大文字を、小文字に変換します。*/
$fp fopen("php://stdin""r") or die("標準入力から読み込めません");
while (!
feof($fp)) {
    
$line fgets($fp);
    
$line preg_replace_callback(
        
'|<p>\s*\w|',
        
create_function(
            
// ここでは単一引用符の使用が不可欠です。
            // そうでない場合は、$ をすべて \$ とエスケープします。
            
'$matches',
            
'return strtolower($matches[0]);'
        
),
        
$line
    
);
    echo 
$line;
}
fclose($fp);
?>

subject

文字列あるいは文字列の配列で、 検索および置換の対象となる文字列を指定します。

limit

subject 文字列における 各パターンの最大置換回数。デフォルトは -1 (無制限) です。

count

指定した場合は、置換を行った回数がここに格納されます。

返り値

preg_replace_callback() は、 subject が配列の場合には配列を、 それ以外の場合は文字列を返します。 エラー時の返り値は NULL となります。

マッチするものが見つかった場合は新しい subject を返し、それ以外の場合はもとの subject をそのまま返します。

変更履歴

バージョン 説明
5.1.0 パラメータ count が追加されました。

例2 preg_replace_callback() の例

<?php
// このテキストは 2002 に使われていたものなのですが、
// これを 2003 年対応の日付に変更したいのです
$text "エイプリルフールの日付は 04/01/2002 です\n";  
$text.= "この前のクリスマスの日付は 12/24/2001 でした\n";  
// コールバック関数
function next_year($matches)
{
  
// 通常は、$matches[0] がマッチした全体を表します。
  // $matches[1] は、マッチした中で、パターン内の最初の '(...)'
  // にあてはまる部分を表します。それ以降も同様です。
  
return $matches[1].($matches[2]+1);
}
echo 
preg_replace_callback(
            
"|(\d{2}/\d{2}/)(\d{4})|",
            
"next_year",
            
$text);

?>

上の例の出力は以下となります。

エイプリルフールの日付は 04/01/2003 です
この前のクリスマスの日付は 12/24/2002 でした

例3 カプセル化された BB code を処理するための、 preg_replace_callback() での再帰構造の使用

<?php
$input 
"通常の位置 [indent] 字下げ [indent] もっと字下げ [/indent] 字下げ [/indent] 通常の位置"

function 
parseTagsRecursive($input)
{

    
$regex '#\[indent]((?:[^[]|\[(?!/?indent])|(?R))+)\[/indent]#';

    if (
is_array($input)) {
        
$input '<div style="margin-left: 10px">'.$input[1].'</div>';
    }

    return 
preg_replace_callback($regex'parseTagsRecursive'$input);
}

$output parseTagsRecursive($input);

echo 
$output;
?>

参考



preg_replace> <preg_quote
[edit] Last updated: Fri, 25 May 2012
 
add a note add a note User Contributed Notes preg_replace_callback
dvb 02-Mar-2012 11:40
Simple function to remove a SHOUT in an input text.
Input: "This is so AWESOME!"
Output: "This is so awesome!"

<?php
function remove_shout($_text,$_max_caps=3)
{
    return
preg_replace_callback('/[A-Z]{$_max_caps,}/',create_function('$matches','return strtolower($matches[0]);'),$_text);
}
?>
Florian Arndt 26-Jan-2012 01:26
This small class allows PHP users to read JSON files with include statements in them. For instance the include {{{ "relative/to/including.json" }}} is replaced by the content of the json file located at "relative/to/including.json".

<?php
   
/**
     * Handles JSON files with includes
     * Purpose: handle bigger JSON files by featuring "includes"
     *
     * @author Florian Arndt
     */
   
class JWI {
       
/**
         * Parses a JSON file and returns its contents
         * @param String $filename
         */
       
static function read($filename) {
            if(!
file_exists($filename))
                throw new
Exception('<b>JWI Error: JSON file <tt>'.$filename.'</tt> not found!</b>');
           
$content = join('', file($filename));
           
$dir = dirname($filename);
           
/**
             * replace
             *   include statements
             * with
             *   content of the file to include
             * recursively
             */
           
$content = preg_replace_callback(
               
'/{{{\s*"\s*(.+)\s*"\s*}}}/', // >include file< - pattern
               
create_function(
                   
'$matches', // callback parameter
                   
sprintf(
                       
'$fn = "%s/".$matches[1];'.
                       
'return JWI::read($fn);',
                       
realpath(dirname($filename))
                    )
                ),
               
$content
           
);
            return
$content;
        }
    }
henzeberkheij at gmail dot com 23-Nov-2011 09:23
also note that when you are using this functionality in a class and you need variables in that class, you can use a non static function as callback. array($this, functionName) should be enough to call an function of the class.

Either use create_function if you require the code only once,
use a static class function if no need for accessing variables in that class. or use the array metioned earlier in my post for having access to class variables or other functions!
webmaster at mp3s dot pl 28-Jul-2011 02:57
I noticed that 'e' modifier use addslashed on result

<?
function wyczysc_strongi($string) {
    if(
mb_strlen($string,'UTF-8')>60) {
        return
$string;
    } else {
        return
'<strong>'.$string.'</strong>';
    }
}

$tresc = "<strong>fajna dupa's</strong>";

$tresc = preg_replace("/<strong>(.*?)<\/strong>/ie",'wyczysc_strongi("$1")',$tresc);

echo
$tresc will give: <strong>fajna dupas</strong>
?>

solution: $tresc = stripslashes($tresc);
after callback
aleksander at throw dot pl 10-Jan-2011 03:59
I needed a simple code to tidy up a string. It simply had to upper-case letters after dot. Simple code to do so:

<?php
$string
= preg_replace_callback(
'|(?:\.)(?:\s*)(\w{1})|Ui',
create_function('$matches', 'return ". ".strtoupper($matches[1]);'), ucfirst($string)
);
?>

<?php
$string
= 'lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. sed ullamcorper diam eu lorem varius nec porta elit iaculis.';

echo
preg_replace_callback(
'|(?:\.)(?:\s*)(\w{1})|Ui',
create_function('$matches', 'return ". ".strtoupper($matches[1]);'), ucfirst($string)
);
?>

Will output: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed ullamcorper diam eu lorem varius nec porta elit iaculis.

<?php
$string
= 'lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.                 sed ullamcorper diam eu lorem varius nec porta elit iaculis.';

echo
preg_replace_callback(
'|(?:\.)(?:\s*)(\w{1})|Ui',
create_function('$matches', 'return ". ".strtoupper($matches[1]);'), ucfirst($string)
);
?>

Will output: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed ullamcorper diam eu lorem varius nec porta elit iaculis.

Nothing fancy, but useful :)
alex dot cs00 at yahoo dot ca 06-Oct-2010 04:09
Don't use this function to fetch BBCode, as explained. If you have some text that runs over 5000 chars (average), it will run out of its limit and makes you download the PHP page.

According to this, you should instead use something more advanced yet complex. You will need a function called "str_replace_once()" (search for it), one called "countWord()", the famous "after()", "before()", "between()".

str_replace_once does same as str_replace, but only replace first occurence. As for countWord, I guess you know how to count the number of a word occurence. As for after, before and between, this is a function that you may find easily somewhere on the site by a user. Else, you can do it.

The following function is able to do all blocks, supposing [code] and [/code], you might wish things between parents dont get parsed, including [code] if inside of another [code].

<?php
function prepareCode($code, $op, $end)
{
   
$ix = 0;
   
$iy = 0;
   
$nbr_Op = countWord($op, $code);
    while(
$ix < $nbr_Op)
    {
        if(
in_string($op, before($end, $code), false))
        {
           
// The following piece of code replace the default [tag] by [tag:#]
           
$code = str_replace_once($op, substr($op, 0, -1).':'.$ix.']', $code);
           
$iy++;
        }
        elseif(
in_string($end, before($op, $code), false))
        {
           
$iy = $iy-1;
           
$code = str_replace_once($end, substr($end, 0, -1).':'.($ix-1).']', $code);
           
$ix = $ix-2;
        }
       
$ix++;
    }
    while(
in_string($end, $code))
    {
       
$code = str_replace_once($end, substr($end, 0, -1).':'.($iy-1).']', $code);
       
$iy=$iy-1;
    }

   
$code = preg_replace('#\\'.substr($end, 0, 1).':-[0-9]\]#i', '', $code);
    if(
in_string(substr($op, 0, -1).':0]', $code) && !in_string(substr($end, 0, -1).':0]', $code))
    {
       
$code .= substr($end, 0, -1).":0]";
    }
    return
$code;
}
?>

$code returns the whole text semi-formated. You only need to use it as :
$code = prepareCode($code="Your text", $op="[tag]" , $end="[/tag]");
Then just replace the parent tags :
str_replace("[tag:0]", "<tag>", $code);
str_replace("[/tag:0]", "</tag>", $code);
So at the end something like :
[
chris at ocproducts dot com 02-Jul-2010 09:39
The pcre.backtrack_limit option (added in PHP 5.2) can trigger a NULL return, with no errors. The default pcre.backtrack_limit value is 100000. If you have a match that exceeds about half this limit it triggers a NULL response.
e.g. My limit was at 100000 but 500500 triggered a NULL response. I'm not running unicode but I *guess* PCRE runs in utf-16.
Anonymous 09-Jun-2010 02:01
Created this to fetch the link and name of an anchor tag. I use this when cleaning an HTML email to text. Using regex for HTML is not recommended but for this purpose I see no issue with it. This is not designed to work for nested anchors.

A note to keep in mind:
I was primarily concerned with valid HTML so if attributes do no use ' or " to contain the values then this will need to be tweaked.
If you can edit this to work better, please let me know.
<?php
/**
 * Replaces anchor tags with text
 * - Will search string and replace all anchor tags with text (case insensitive)
 *
 * How it works:
 * - Searches string for an anchor tag, checks to make sure it matches the criteria
 *         Anchor search criteria:
 *             - 1 - <a (must have the start of the anchor tag )
 *             - 2 - Can have any number of spaces or other attributes before and after the href attribute
 *             - 3 - Must close the anchor tag
 *
 * - Once the check has passed it will then replace the anchor tag with the string replacement
 * - The string replacement can be customized
 *
 * Know issue:
 * - This will not work for anchors that do not use a ' or " to contain the attributes.
 *         (i.e.- <a href=http: //php.net>PHP.net</a> will not be replaced)
 */
function replaceAnchorsWithText($data) {
   
/**
     * Had to modify $regex so it could post to the site... so I broke it into 6 parts.
     */
   
$regex  = '/(<a\s*'; // Start of anchor tag
   
$regex .= '(.*?)\s*'; // Any attributes or spaces that may or may not exist
   
$regex .= 'href=[\'"]+?\s*(?P<link>\S+)\s*[\'"]+?'; // Grab the link
   
$regex .= '\s*(.*?)\s*>\s*'; // Any attributes or spaces that may or may not exist before closing tag
   
$regex .= '(?P<name>\S+)'; // Grab the name
   
$regex .= '\s*<\/a>)/i'; // Any number of spaces between the closing anchor tag (case insensitive)
   
   
if (is_array($data)) {
       
// This is what will replace the link (modify to you liking)
       
$data = "{$data['name']}({$data['link']})";
    }
    return
preg_replace_callback($regex, 'replaceAnchorsWithText', $data);
}

$input  = 'Test 1: <a href="http: //php.net1">PHP.NET1</a>.<br />';
$input .= 'Test 2: <A name="test" HREF=\'HTTP: //PHP.NET2\' target="_blank">PHP.NET2</A>.<BR />';
$input .= 'Test 3: <a hRef=http: //php.net3>php.net3</a><br />';
$input .= 'This last line had nothing to do with any of this';

echo
replaceAnchorsWithText($input).'<hr/>';
?>
Will output:
Test 1: PHP.NET1(http: //php.net1).
Test 2: PHP.NET2(HTTP: //PHP.NET2).
Test 3: php.net3 (is still an anchor)
This last line had nothing to do with any of this
Drake 21-Mar-2010 06:48
The good version of the class PhpHex2Str
<?php
class PhpHex2Str
{
    private
$strings;

    private static function
x_hex2str($hex) {
       
$hex = substr($hex[0], 1);
       
$str = '';
        for(
$i=0;$i < strlen($hex);$i+=2) {
           
$str.=chr(hexdec(substr($hex,$i,2)));
        }
        return
$str;
    }

    public function
decode($strings = null) {
       
$this->strings = (string) $strings;
        return
preg_replace_callback('#\%[a-zA-Z0-9]{2}#', 'PhpHex2Str::x_hex2str', $this->strings);
    }
}

// Exemple
$obj = new PhpHex2Str;

$strings = $obj->decode($strings);
var_dump($strings);
?>
Drake 21-Mar-2010 01:05
Decode Hexa to Strings =)
<?php
class PhpHex2Str
{
    private
$strings;

    private function
x_hex2str($hex) {
       
$hex = substr($hex[0], 1);
       
$str = '';
        for(
$i=0;$i < strlen($hex);$i+=2) {
           
$str.=chr(hexdec(substr($hex,$i,2)));
        }
        return
$str;
    }

    public function
decode($strings = null) {
       
$this->strings = (string) $strings;
        return
preg_replace_callback('#\%[a-zA-Z0-9]{2}#', 'x_hex2str', $this->strings);
    }
}

// Example
$strings = 'a %20 b%0A h %27 h %23';

$obj = new PhpHex2Str;
$strings = $obj->decode($strings);
var_dump($strings);
?>
Matt 14-Sep-2009 11:24
If you're looking to show only the first digit and last four digits of a credit card number (4xxxxxxxxxxxx2331) use something like this:
preg_replace_callback('/((.)(.*))?(.{4})/', create_function('$x', 'return $x[2].str_repeat("x", strlen($x[3])).$x[4];'), '$CCNUMBER')
ixiter at gmail dot com 28-Jul-2009 09:06
When you use preg_replace_callback in a class and have the callback function as a private method of that class, you need to set the callback function name like className::CallBack.
self::CallBack does not work and returns an error:
"Cannot call method self::CallBack() or method does not exist"!

<?php
class myClass{
    public function
parsetext($text){
       
// parses text and sets literals A - C to lower case
        // this works
       
return preg_replace_callback('|([a-c])|i', 'myClass::preg_tolower', $text);
    }
    public function
parsefail($text){
       
// parses text and sets literals A - C to lower case
        // this fails
       
return preg_replace_callback('|([a-c])|i', 'self::preg_tolower', $text);
    }
   
    private static function
preg_tolower($matches){
        return
strtolower($matches[1]);
    }
}

$parser = new myClass;
echo
$parser->parsetext('ABCDEFGH');
// echoes abcDEFGH

echo $parser->parsefail('ABCDEFGH');
// throws the error
?>
carlos dot ballesteros at softonic dot com 02-Jul-2009 10:02
A simple function to replace a list of complete words or terms in a string (for PHP 5.3 or above because of the closure):

<?php
function replace_words($list, $line, $callback) {
    return
preg_replace_callback(
       
'/(^|[^\\w\\-])(' . implode('|', array_map('preg_quote', $list)) . ')($|[^\\w\\-])/mi',
        function(
$v) use ($callback) { return $v[1] . $callback($v[2]) . $v[3]; },
       
$line
   
);
}
?>

Example of usage:
<?php
$list
= array('php', 'apache web server');
$str = "php and the apache web server work fine together. php-gtk, for example, won't match. apache web servers shouldn't too.";

echo
replace_words($list, $str, function($v) {
    return
"<strong>{$v}</strong>";
});
?>
chris AT cmbuckley DOT co DOT uk 09-Jun-2009 09:44
This function does not support named subpatterns, so you can't do

<?php

preg_replace_callback
('/(?<char>[a-z])/', 'callback', 'word');

function
callback($matches) {
   
var_dump($matches);
}

?>

and expect to get $matches['char'] in your function.
mariush 12-May-2009 03:17
If you're planning to use preg_replace_callback inside a class, you need to use the array() function:

<?php
class MyClass
{

  function
preg_callback_url($matches)
  {
   
//var_dump($matches);
   
$url = $matches[1].$matches[2];
   
$text = '';
   
$pos = strpos($url,' ');
    if (
$pos!==FALSE) {
     
$text = trim(substr($url,$pos+1));
     
$url = substr($url,0,$pos);
    }
    return
'<a href="'.$url.'" rel="nofollow">'.(($text!='') ? $text : $url).'</a>';
  }

  function
ParseText($text)
  {
    return
preg_replace_callback('/\[(http|https|ftp)(.*?)\]/iS',array( &$this, 'preg_callback_url'), $text);
  }

}
?>
james dot records at gmail dot com 26-Apr-2009 02:22
This is what i use to read log files and do dns lookups on the ip's from the file.

<?php
function resolve_logs($arr) {
        return
gethostbyaddr($arr[0]);
}

$logent=file('yourlogfile');

$ipaddr = '/\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}/';
$logent = preg_replace_callback($ipaddr, resolve_logs, $logent);
?>
long2hu3 ATT yahoo DOTT com 02-Apr-2009 01:25
When you access variables from outside in a callback function, use the $global keyword:

<?php

// global # 1:
global $x;

$x = 0;
$str = '&Bla bla. &#x25ba;';

$find = '/(\&)([^#])/';

// global # 2:
$replace = create_function('$f',
   
'global $x; $x ++; return $f[2];';

$str2 = preg_replace_callback($find, $replace, $str);

// $x == 1
// $str2 == 'Bla bla. &#x25ba;'
// without global, $x would be 0

?>
tijn at q-go dot com 06-Jan-2009 03:01
To access a local variable within a callback, use currying (delayed argument binding). For example
<?php
function curry($func, $arity) {
    return
create_function('', "
        \$args = func_get_args();
        if(count(\$args) >= $arity)
            return call_user_func_array('$func', \$args);
        \$args = var_export(\$args, 1);
        return create_function('','
            \$a = func_get_args();
            \$z = ' . \$args . ';
            \$a = array_merge(\$z,\$a);
            return call_user_func_array(\'$func\', \$a);
        ');
    "
);
}

function
on_match($transformation, $matches)
{
    return
$transformation[strtolower($matches[1])];
}

$transform = array('a' => 'Well,', 'd'=>'whatever', 'b'=>' ');

$callback = curry(on_match, 2);
echo
preg_replace_callback('/([a-z])/i', $callback($transform), 'Abcd');

echo
"\n";
?>

outputs:

"Well, whatever"

The magic lies in this curry function I found here: http://www.sitepoint.com/forums/showthread.php?threadid=336758
tijn at q-go dot com 05-Jan-2009 09:48
To access a local variable within a callback, use currying (delayed argument binding). For example
<?php
function curry($func, $arity) {
    return
create_function('', "
        \$args = func_get_args();
        if(count(\$args) >= $arity)
            return call_user_func_array('$func', \$args);
        \$args = var_export(\$args, 1);
        return create_function('','
            \$a = func_get_args();
            \$z = ' . \$args . ';
            \$a = array_merge(\$z,\$a);
            return call_user_func_array(\'$func\', \$a);
        ');
    "
);
}

function
on_match($transformation, $matches)
{
    return
$transformation[strtolower($matches[1])];
}

$transform = array('a' => 'Well,', 'd'=>'whatever', 'b'=>' ');

$callback = curry(on_match, 2);
echo
preg_replace_callback('/([a-z])/i', $callback($transform), 'Abcd');

echo
"\n";
?>

outputs:

"Well, whatever"

The magic lies in this curry function I found here: http://www.sitepoint.com/forums/showthread.php?threadid=336758
nicolaspar at gmail dot com 19-Dec-2008 07:33
To spend more than one parameter can do the following (note the "e" parameter in preg_replace function)
<?
$array
= array(
1=>'ONE',
2=>'TWO',
3=>'Three'
);

function
search(&$array, $str, $foo, $bar){
    return ( empty(
$array[$str]) ? '['.$foo.'-'.$bar.']' : $array[$str] );
}

function
keys(&$array, $str,$foo,$bar){
    return
preg_replace('/\[(.*?)\]/e',"search(\$array,$1,\$foo,\$bar)",$str);
}

$str = "One [1] Two [2] Three [3], Other parameter [22]";

echo
keys($array, $str,'Foo','Bar');
?>
Nice
nene at triin dot net 20-May-2008 05:14
The first example is bad, because it creates function for every line it processes. When the file has many lines, you could easily run out of memory. The code should be changed so, that create_function() is used outside of loop.
Sjon at hortensius dot net 24-Jun-2007 06:56
preg_replace_callback returns NULL when pcre.backtrack_limit is reached; this sometimes occurs faster then you might expect. No error is raised either; so don't forget to check for NULL yourself
matt at mattsoft dot net 26-Apr-2006 04:16
it is much better on preformance and better practice to use the preg_replace_callback function instead of preg_replace with the e modifier.

function a($text){return($text);}

// 2.76 seconds to run 50000 times
preg_replace("/\{(.*?)\}/e","a('\\1','\\2','\\3',\$b)",$a);

// 0.97 seconds to run 50000 times
preg_replace_callback("/\{(.*?)\}/s","a",$a);

 
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