flock
About the windows compat functions below:
I needed fnmatch for a application that had to work on Windows, took a look here and tested both. Jk's works for me, soywiz didn't (on WinXPSP2, PHP 5.2.3).
The only difference between them is addcslashes (soywiz) instead of preg_quote (jk). They _should_ both work, but for some reason soywiz's didn't for me. So YMMV.
However, to make JK's fnmatch() work with the example in the documentation, you also have to strtr the [ and ] in $pattern.
<?php
$pattern = strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.', '\[' => '[', '\]' => ']'));
?>
And thanks for the functions, guys.
fnmatch
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5)
fnmatch — 用模式匹配文件名
说明
bool fnmatch
( string
$pattern
, string $string
[, int $flags = 0
] )
fnmatch()
检查传入的
string
是否匹配给出的 shell 统配符
pattern。
参数
-
pattern -
shell 统配符。
-
string -
要检查的字符串。 此函数对于文件名尤其有用，但也可以用于普通的字符串。
普通用户可能习惯于 shell 模式或者至少其中最简单的形式 '?' 和 '*' 通配符，因此使用 fnmatch() 来代替 preg_match() 来进行前端搜索表达式输入对于非程序员用户更加方便。
-
flags -
The value of
flagscan be any combination of the following flags, joined with the binary OR (|) operator.A list of possible flags for fnmatch() FlagDescription FNM_NOESCAPEDisable backslash escaping. FNM_PATHNAMESlash in string only matches slash in the given pattern. FNM_PERIODLeading period in string must be exactly matched by period in the given pattern. FNM_CASEFOLDCaseless match. Part of the GNU extension.
返回值
匹配则返回 TRUE，否则返回 FALSE。
更新日志
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 5.3.0 | 此函数开始在 Windows 平台上生效。 |
范例
Example #1 用 shell 中的通配符模式匹配来检查颜色名称
<?php
if (fnmatch("*gr[ae]y", $color)) {
echo "some form of gray ...";
}
?>
注释
Warning
目前该函数无法在 Windows 或其它非 POSIX 兼容的系统上使用。
参见
- glob() - 寻找与模式匹配的文件路径
- preg_match() - 执行一个正则表达式匹配
- sscanf() - Parses input from a string according to a format
- printf() - 输出格式化字符串
- sprintf() - Return a formatted string
add a note
User Contributed Notes
fnmatch - [12 notes]
theboydanny at gmail dot com ¶
5 years ago
Sinured ¶
5 years ago
Possible flags (scratched out of fnmatch.h):
...::...
FNM_PATHNAME:
> Slash in $string only matches slash in $pattern.
FNM_PERIOD:
> Leading period in $string must be exactly matched by period in $pattern.
FNM_NOESCAPE:
> Disable backslash escaping.
FNM_NOSYS:
> Obsolescent.
FNM_FILE_NAME:
> Alias of FNM_PATHNAME.
FNM_LEADING_DIR:
> From fnmatch.h: /* Ignore `/...' after a match. */
FNM_CASEFOLD:
> Caseless match.
Since they’re appearing in file.c, but are not available in PHP, we’ll have to define them ourselves:
<?php
define('FNM_PATHNAME', 1);
define('FNM_PERIOD', 4);
define('FNM_NOESCAPE', 2);
// GNU extensions
define('FNM_FILE_NAME', FNM_PATHNAME);
define('FNM_LEADING_DIR', 8);
define('FNM_CASEFOLD', 16);
?>
I didn’t test any of these except casefold, which worked for me.
jk at ricochetsolutions dot com ¶
6 years ago
soywiz's function didnt seem to work for me, but this did.
<?php
if(!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return preg_match("#^".strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.'))."$#i", $string);
} // end
} // end if
?>
bernd dot ebert at gmx dot net ¶
11 months ago
There is a problem within the pcre_fnmatch-Function concerning backslashes. Those will be masked by preq_quote and ADDITONALLY by the strtr if FN_NOESCAPE is not set -> something like "*a(*" will finally result in "#^.*a\\(.*$#". Note the double backslash which effectively does NOT mask the "(" correctly.
Since preq_quote always matches a backslash I don't think that this'll work with using preg_quote at all.
me at rowanlewis dot com ¶
2 years ago
Here's a definitive solution, which supports negative character classes and the four documented flags.
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
define('FNM_PATHNAME', 1);
define('FNM_NOESCAPE', 2);
define('FNM_PERIOD', 4);
define('FNM_CASEFOLD', 16);
function fnmatch($pattern, $string, $flags = 0) {
return pcre_fnmatch($pattern, $string, $flags);
}
}
function pcre_fnmatch($pattern, $string, $flags = 0) {
$modifiers = null;
$transforms = array(
'\*' => '.*',
'\?' => '.',
'\[\!' => '[^',
'\[' => '[',
'\]' => ']',
'\.' => '\.',
'\\' => '\\\\'
);
// Forward slash in string must be in pattern:
if ($flags & FNM_PATHNAME) {
$transforms['\*'] = '[^/]*';
}
// Back slash should not be escaped:
if ($flags & FNM_NOESCAPE) {
unset($transforms['\\']);
}
// Perform case insensitive match:
if ($flags & FNM_CASEFOLD) {
$modifiers .= 'i';
}
// Period at start must be the same as pattern:
if ($flags & FNM_PERIOD) {
if (strpos($string, '.') === 0 && strpos($pattern, '.') !== 0) return false;
}
$pattern = '#^'
. strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), $transforms)
. '$#'
. $modifiers;
return (boolean)preg_match($pattern, $string);
}
?>
This probably needs further testing, but it seems to function identically to the native fnmatch implementation.
Sinured ¶
5 years ago
An addition to my previous note: My statement regarding the FNM_* constants was wrong. They are available on POSIX-compliant systems (in other words, if fnmatch() is defined).
Frederik Krautwald ¶
6 years ago
soywiz's function still doesn't seem to work -- at least not with PHP 5.2.3 on Windows -- but jk's does.
soywiz at NOSPAM dot php dot net ¶
6 years ago
A revised better alternative for fnmatch on windows. It should work well on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match(
'/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '/\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'),
array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string
);
}
}
?>
phlipping at yahoo dot com ¶
9 years ago
you couls also try this function that I wrote before I found fnmatch:
function WildToReg($str)
{
$s = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++)
{
$c = $str{$i};
if ($c =='?')
$s .= '.'; // any character
else if ($c == '*')
$s .= '.*'; // 0 or more any characters
else if ($c == '[' || $c == ']')
$s .= $c; // one of characters within []
else
$s .= '\\' . $c;
}
$s = '^' . $s . '$';
//trim redundant ^ or $
//eg ^.*\.txt$ matches exactly the same as \.txt$
if (substr($s,0,3) == "^.*")
$s = substr($s,3);
if (substr($s,-3,3) == ".*$")
$s = substr($s,0,-3);
return $s;
}
if (ereg(WildToReg("*.txt"), $fn))
print "$fn is a text file";
else
print "$fn is not a text file";
soywiz at php dot net ¶
6 years ago
A better "fnmatch" alternative for windows that converts a fnmatch pattern into a preg one. It should work on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match('/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'), array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string);
}
}
?>
jsnell at networkninja dot com ¶
7 years ago
The last line of soywiz at gmail dot com windows replacement should be changed to:
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '$/i', $string);
otherwise, a pattern for *.xml will match file.xml~ or any else anything with the text *.xml in it, regardless of position.
soywiz at gmail dot com ¶
7 years ago
A "fnmatch" alternative that converts the pattern, to a valid preg one and uses preg_match then. It will work on windows.
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
for ($op = 0, $npattern = '', $n = 0, $l = strlen($pattern); $n < $l; $n++) {
switch ($c = $pattern[$n]) {
case '\\':
$npattern .= '\\' . @$pattern[++$n];
break;
case '.': case '+': case '^': case '$': case '(': case ')': case '{': case '}': case '=': case '!': case '<': case '>': case '|':
$npattern .= '\\' . $c;
break;
case '?': case '*':
$npattern .= '.' . $c;
break;
case '[': case ']': default:
$npattern .= $c;
if ($c == '[') {
$op++;
} else if ($c == ']') {
if ($op == 0) return false;
$op--;
}
break;
}
}
if ($op != 0) return false;
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '/i', $string);
}
}
?>